On November 15, 2023, the CFPB ordered online lender Enova International Inc. to pay a $15 million penalty for widespread illegal conduct including withdrawing funds from customers’ bank accounts without their permission, making deceptive statements about loans, and cancelling loan extensions. In 2019, Enova paid a $3.2 million penalty to the CFPB and was ordered to cease its illegal conduct.

On September 8, 2023, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas issued a summary judgment vacating the CFPB’s March 2022 update to the UDAAP Chapter of the CFPB’s Supervision and Examination Manual - for members of the plaintiffs. This is after the plaintiffs - the ABA, the Texas Bankers Association, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and several others - challenged the CFPB’s March 2022 interpretation in its Consumer Compliance Examination Manual of its authority to include discrimination as an unfair act or practice under its Consumer Financial Protection Act (CFPA) UDAAP authority. This ruling applies to members of the plaintiffs.

On May 31, 2023, the CFPB has ordered installment lender OneMain Financial to pay $20 million in redress and penalties for failing to refund interest charged to 25,000 customers who cancelled purchases within a purported “full refund period,” and for deceiving borrowers about needing to purchase add-on products to receive a loan. According to the CFPB, OneMain pushed its employees to hit sales targets and illegally withheld funds.

On December 1, 2022, the CFPB took action against Loan Doctor to resolve the CFPB’s claims that the company and its founder, Edgar Radjabli, broke the law by deceiving consumers into thinking they were depositing funds into a guaranteed return savings product within a commercial bank. The CFPB alleges that Loan Doctor and Radjabli falsely represented that deposited funds would be used to originate loans for healthcare professionals, would be held in insured accounts or backed by cash alternatives, and would yield interest rates between 5% and 6.25%.

On July 14, 2022, the OCC assessed a $125 million civil money penalty against Bank of America, N.A., for violations of law and unsafe or unsound practices relating to the bank’s administration of a prepaid card program to distribute unemployment insurance and other public benefit payments. The OCC also ordered the bank to provide remediation to consumers harmed by the bank’s practices and violations of law.

On July 14, 2022, the CFPB fined Bank of America $100 million for botching the disbursement of state unemployment benefits at the height of the pandemic. According to the CFPB’s press release, Bank of America automatically and unlawfully froze people’s accounts with a faulty fraud detection program, and then gave them little recourse when there was, in fact, no fraud. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) is also fining the bank $125 million in a separate order.